وَأَحَلَّ اللّهُ الْبَيْعَ وَحَرَّمَ الرِّبَا

“…padahal Allah telah menghalalkan jual beli dan mengharamkan riba” (QS. Al Baqarah: 275).

Dengan demikian, jika kita mencermati ketentuan yang telah digariskan ayat Al Qur’an di atas, maka kita dapat menarik satu pemikiran yang mendasar, bahwa uang dalam pandangan Islam harus mendapatkan perlakuan khusus, yaitu tidak boleh dijadikan sebagai alat komoditi sebagaimana barang dalam rangka untuk memperoleh keuntungan, yaitu riba. Jika ketentuan Al Qur’an ini dilanggar, maka akan menyebabkan terjadinya kegoncangan ekonomi, sebagaimana yang telah disebut di awal ayat ini.

Dari sinilah kita dapat menarik kesimpulan, bahwa sumber penyebab terjadinya ketidakstabilan ekonomi atau terjadinya kegoncangan ekonomi tidak lain adalah akibat menggunakan uang sebagai alat komoditi dalam rangka untuk mendapatkan keuntungan yang lebih banyak. Keuntungan yang didapat itulah yang disebut dengan riba, yang hukumnya haram.

Dari http://dnuxminds.wordpress.com/2007/05/03/penyebab-terjadinya-ketidakstabilan-ekonomi/

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First, under the gold standard, countries could not control their own money supplies; rather, each country’s money supply was determined by the flow of gold used to settle its accounts with other countries. Second, monetary policy in all countries was strongly influenced by the pace of gold production. In the 1870s and 1880s, when gold production was low, the money supply throughout the world expanded too slowly to keep pace with economic growth; the result was deflation, or falling prices. Later, gold discoveries in Alaska and South Africa in the 1890s caused money supplies to increase rapidly; this set off inflation, or rising prices.
http://economics.about.com/od/foreigntrade/a/american_dollar.htm

A strong dollar means that Sara can save money on a meal eaten in Cozumel, or on a really cool belt made in India that she finds at the mall.

At the same time, items made in America for sale in other countries will become more expensive there. Companies that export US products will sell less and might have to lay off workers.
http://googolplex.cuna.org/12433/cnote/story.html?doc_id=402

Money did not have a single origin but developed independently in many different parts of the world.
Many factors contributed to its development and if evidence of what anthropologists have learned about primitive money is anything to go by economic factors were not the most important.
Money performs a variety of functions and the functions performed by the earliest types were probably fairly restricted initially and would NOT necessarily have been the same in all societies.
Money is fungible: there is a tendency for older forms to take on new roles and for new forms to be developed which take on old roles, e.g. (this is my example) on English banknotes such as the 5 pound notes it says “I promise to pay the bearer on demand the sum of five pounds” and below that it carries the signature of the chief cashier of the Bank of England. This is a reminder that originally banknotes were regarded in Britain, and in many other countries, as a substitute for money and only later did they come to be accepted as the real thing.
http://www.ex.ac.uk/~RDavies/arian/origins.html

Monetary history in context from the dawn of civilization to the beginning of the twenty first century, based on the definitive book on the subject.
http://www.ex.ac.uk/~RDavies/arian/llyfr.html
Money – Past, Present & Future
Information on Monetary History, Contemporary Developments, and Electronic Money
http://www.ex.ac.uk/~RDavies/arian/money.html